George Zimmerman, Lord of the Flies

The last time we met I mentioned I was struggling with an essay on Dorothy Sayer’s Gaudy Night. Here is a hint to my fellow college students; even when a professor says it’s okay to write in the first person, don’t do it! Not unless you are able to put yourself into the material and use quotes to back up your claims.

The question we were asked seemed simple enough. “Would you go to an all woman’s college in 1930’s England? I wrote a lengthy paper on why I would and talked about how my life would have changed if I had finished college at the appropriate age. My professor wrote that as much as he liked my story, this was not what he was looking for. I had one day to come up with a new 6 page rough draft! I came up with a paper titled “A Case for College” and wrote about three of the more successful characters found in the book and how college allowed them personal freedom. I got it back with a note that said, “I really like what you have written, but now please include something about the antagonist and compare her life to the others.

For those of you unfamiliar with Gaudy Night, it’s a crime novel set at a fictional Oxford women’s college. Annie, the antagonist works at the college but is suspicious of the many women living and working together. In her words they were “unnatural”. She takes a domestic job at the college after her husband who was a professor, commits suicide after being caught plagiarizing. She sets out to humiliate and destroy the female professors. She is the only uneducated employee who is bent on causing havoc, so I had to keep a very narrow focus on her and her motives. I  must have pulled it off because I ended up with an A.

So Saturday I sat down to write a blog post about Stephen King’s Under the Dome. At first I thought my theme would be based on what I did not like about the book; I hated the ending! Then I thought I would write about what I did like. It is a look at how quickly an isolated society can break down. Like my paper, King’s focus is very narrow; he chooses to incase a small town under a dome and then watches as the inhabitants deal with their isolation. Some rise to the challenge of self-sufficiency, while others become power hunger and corrupt. It reminded me of Goldings’ Lord of the Flies. Like Lord of the Flies, King’s monster is found within. When handed power some individuals do terrible things and let manageable situations get out of hand. This is something we see in both books.

I didn’t write it Saturday because I made the mistake of turning on the TV. I got caught up in the George Zimmerman trial. I cleaned the house as I waited for the jury to find him guilty. When they found him innocent I was too sick to my stomach to write. Sunday was no better.

Agree or disagree with the verdict, what we can all take away from the outcome is that a man who in his limited power as captain of his neighborhood watch, was validated in his role in letting a manageable situation get out of hand. His narrow focus on Trayvon Martin and his assumed authority led to the death of the unarmed teen. Sadly it seems our society is saying it is okay to gun down someone rather than find a peaceful outcome. One of the jurors has now come out and said, “we think George is a good guy who did a bad thing”. Yah, I bet the kids in Lord of Flies were all good kids too, that is until they were isolated made captains of their island neighborhood.

I don’t know if it is a coincidence or if Professor Sparky Sweets picked Lord of Flies for this week’s lesson because of the trial, but here it is. A critical look at Lord of the Flies and what is says about society and violence. The summary gave me a good idea. For now on I will refer to George Zimmerman as Lord of the Flies.

The Great Mortality: Things you did not know about the Black Death

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Another history book off my To Be Read shelf! Trust me, this was no easy task. In between Poe, Doyle and Christie, not to mention an essay comparing early fictional detectives, I managed to no only read John Kelly’s amazing “The Great Mortality”, I managed to enjoy it, reading long into the night.

The Great Mortality stands out among the plethora of books on the killer plague of 1347-1350. Kelly’ research into the lives of those living through this nightmare it is a testament to late Medieval European society. The book is a look at the plague, not from a modern perspective, but from contemporary reports, journals and tax records. Readers hear from those who lived through what they called “The Great Morality”. If reading about death by bacteria, isn’t bad enough, Kelly shows us just how awful people could be to other people. He never judges, just shows us reports of Christians killing Jews, and Muslims ignoring victims.

The book begins with a lesson on how the plague may have started and ends talking about the debate between scientists who believe the illness was a mutated form of Yersinia Pestis, a bacteria found in certain rat fleas and the “Plague Deniers” who think it was a highly contagious virus. Whatever the cause, we know now it wiped out 2/3 of Europe’s population, and in some small pockets, 60% to 90%.

I made several notes as I read that I thought I would share with you. I call this list:

Things you may have not known about The Great Mortality

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Venice’s death rate was around 600 a day, so the city implemented a program that saw to it, that no dead body be allowed to stay in the city. There was a daily shuttle of boats up and down the canals gathering the dead to be taken to a San Giorgio Island. Venice put a halt to normal burial rituals. No one was allowed to lie out a loved one for last goodbyes.  This did not lesson the mortality rate, but it did cut down on secondary infection from too many dead and not enough cemetery space that so many other cities were facing. The forcefulness of the Venetian response and the ability of the city to continue to operate is something the US Energy Commission looks to when calculating a response to a thermonuclear war.

Plague pits may seem horrible to us, but for medieval society it was the worse possible burial imaginable. The idea of a personal death is a product of the European Middle Ages. Death was a time to take stock of ones life and prepare for heaven. The pits were the antithesis of this idea. It made death anonymous, animal like and in the medieval mind, unrecognizable for future resurrection. How could Jesus find you if you were in a pit, possibly surrounded by sinners?

The plague was unusually well documented in Florence. Because of the vast amount of information we have, it has been calculated that the disease traveled 2.5 miles a day. Other plagues took months to travel the same distance. Imagine if this happened today. Between cars and air travel we would never see it coming!

With cemeteries filling up within weeks, what did Avignon do with their dead? Float them down streams and rivers until they came to the Mediterranean Sea. After reading this, I am not sure I want to eat fish again.

Did they mourn their dead? Of course! The Italian Poet Petrarch wrote this poem about his lost love Laura:

She closed her eyes: and in the sweet slumber lying

her spirit tiptoed from its lodging place

It’s folly to shrink in fear, if this is dying

for death looked love in her face.

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Medieval doctors were at a loss as how to deal with the plague. Yet one Muslim doctor, Ibn al-Khatib held some ideas that are very modern. He stood his ground when it came to contagion and how to stop it. Sadly, the Muslim religious leaders believed it was God’s plan that so many should die (much like the Christian clerics). The Muslim religious leaders did not want to do anything; they felt it was up to God to determine who would live and who would die. Khatib was killed for his ideas.

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Yes, the living did notice the dead. One report talks of “stepping back into doorways to give the death carts passage”. The streets were full of dead bodies (both man and beast). The filthy streets and overwhelming stench meant that no one could ignore the horrors around them, even for a minute. It must have been hell on earth!

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The plague gave us the most bizarre artwork ever seen. Danse Macabre or Dance of Death originated in France in the early 1400s as a reminder that death takes everyone, regardless of age of status. Many people must have felt this reminder was necessary as it quickly spread through out Europe and can found on everything from Frescoes to woodcuts.

There is so much more to learn from The Great Mortality I highly recommend it. It will appeal those who are not familiar with this era as well as scholars like me who thought they knew just about everything there was to know about the greatest plague to ever hit mankind.

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